By Sam Davis on Sep 10, 2007 filed under Guides, Ubuntu
From: www.zaphu.com

Step 1: Install BIND DNS server on Ubuntu

There are two ways to install BIND on Ubuntu. If you are performing a fresh installation of Ubuntu Server Edition (version 7.04 at time of writing) as per this post, at some point the install shell will ask if you wish to install a DNS and/or LAMP server. Select DNS (and LAMP if you so desire using the arrow keys and spacebar) and continue (using tab and enter). On the other hand, if you have already completed the installation of your LAMP server then use Ubuntu’s built in package management program aptitude to install BIND. Open a terminal and type

sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude install bind9

You may need to insert the Ubuntu install CD to perform this installation.

Step 2: Configure BIND Caching DNS server

By default, BIND installs on Ubuntu configured to act as a caching DNS server. However, you need to edit the configuration options file /etc/bind/named.conf.options to specify a public DNS server operating on the wide area network (WAN) to which un-cached domain names should be forwarded. Open this file with the text editor of your choice (I use vi here).

Uncomment and edit the forwarders section of this file to point to your internet service provider’s DNS server. You may enter multiple DNS server addresses (separated by semicolons) if you desire. When finished, the forwarders section should look like the following with the xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx replaced with the appropriate IP address(es).

You must also edit the /etc/resolv.conf configuration file of all machines on your LAN (including the DNS server itself) to point to your new DNS server. Open this file

and add

to the top of the file where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is the IP address of your new DNS server. When configuring the DNS server itself, change the nameserver address to 127.0.0.1, which points to localhost. You may delete any additional nameserver lines appearing in the resolv.conf file although it may be prudent to leave lines in place that point to your ISP’s DNS server so that client machines continue to function in the event of your server going offline (just make sure your DNS server is listed first). To implement the changes to your DNS server, restart BIND.

Finally, test your server by typing the following command in a terminal on any machine on your LAN configured to use your new DNS server.

Near the end of the output of this command there should be a line that reads Query time: 24 ms (of course the actual time may be different). Execute the dig www.zaphu.com command again and you should notice that the query time significantly decreased indicating that your DNS server is caching DNS information for www.zaphu.com. Note that BIND caches DNS information to RAM and not disk. In most cases this will not be a problem since most machines have plenty of memory and old records are purged from memory after a period of time. However, if you expect your server to get a lot of traffic you may want to periodically flush the cache using

or set the maximum amount of memory to use (in essence forcing overflow data to be deleted before it expires) by setting the max-cache-size option in the configuration file.

Congratulations! you are finished setting up your Ubuntu caching name server. See my next post where I discuss configuring a master DNS server to serve hostnames to machines on your LAN.

Manifest plainness, Embrace simplicity, Reduce selfishness, Have few desires. Lao-tzu (604 BC - 531 BC), The Way of Lao-tzu

What is going on these days ? In the last week I have entered into projects with two separate customers who have been terrorized (the customer's wording, in one case) by their existing IT vendor, and want to find a new provider who won't attack them... I find it hard to think with. I have been told stories that demonstrate extremely poor character being played out in cases where the IT vendor has had a long-term (more than 1 year) relationship in place. One customer put it this way: "familiarity breeds contempt". In one example recently, I found what can only have been a deliberate act of sabotage in the customer's computer equipment, leaving one of his machines inoperable. Perhaps it was a mistake, but then that implies simple incompetence as the only other possibility. Either way, there is clearly a need to maintain a civilized and amenable relationship, customer to IT contractor, or just find another vendor. The really scary part of this is how much damage an out-of-control IT guy armed with ALL the passwords for your IT infrastructure [really the "keys to the kingdom"] can do in a very short space of time. Can you imagine ? All your data GONE.

From: Planet PDF

A couple of key points here. First, this discussion applies only to Acrobat, not to Reader. Second, prior to Acrobat 6, Adobe allowed you to perform "paper capture" with Acrobat only up to 50 pages. If you have Acrobat 4 or 5, you've got a 50-page limit (although, of course, there are ways to work around it.) I think that Adobe still offers the Capture Server product for large scale scanning and OCR work. It's meant for use in a high-volume production environment, such as a litigation support vendor. In my experience, in government at least, people were leery of using it because you paid by the page. That is, you could buy a 100,000-page license and then you have to fill 'er up again for the next 100,000. Acrobat 6 Professional allows you to "capture" or OCR large documents without buying the separate server, but is still not truly a substitute for industrial strength tools in a production environment. It is, however, capable of a surprising level of automation, and as far as I can tell, it's not dumbed down in its character recognition capabilities.

So here you are with a big old TIFF file. Or, if you are like me and occasionally have opposing counsel that just wants to jerk your chain, a PDF file that was produced in "image only" format from MS Word and contains no text.

In Acrobat 6, go to File > Create PDF > From File and select the TIFF file that you want to convert. That brings your image into the PDF format, but still doesn't make it word-searchable.

Note: You can also choose "From Multiple Files" if you want to do a batch.

Now, go to Document > Paper Capture > Start Capture. The dialog that comes up gives you some choices. You can do a page, all pages, or a range (which might be a good choice if you have, say, a few pages of text followed by lots of charts). Be sure to click the "Edit" button to see the other things you can do, like select English as the recognized language. The PDF Output Style choice you probably want is "Searchable Image (Exact)." As a rule, I wouldn't do any downsampling of the image, although this might reduce the size of the resulting file.

Click OK, and the OCR engine will start up. If you are running a normal Windows box of moderate memory and processor speeds, pretty much every other process will choke while Acrobat reads the document and converts the pictures of letters into text letters. If it's a heavily formatted, 1,000-page document, go have lunch or save it for the end of the day because this is going to take a while. Adobe does provide a process window that keeps you apprised of events.

When it's done, don't forget to File > Save the document. And there you have it. (At this point, I always like to do a little test by running a quick search on a word that I see on the first page. It just makes me feel better to know that it worked. I also have a continuing dialogue about what to do with the original TIFF file...)

In a recent article in the NY Times titled Windows Could Use a Rush of Fresh Air, RANDALL STROSS makes the argument that Microsoft Windows needs to be re-architected completely - ABSOLUTELY I say. I cannot tell you how many man-DAYs of work I have had to do that were completely avoidable given a decently designed operating system, rather than the cobbled-together junk that is MS Windows...

Associate in Science or Associate in Applied Science

Securing network data, communications and Internet transactions is now one of the highest priorities in business and industry worldwide. Designed for IT professionals and others who want to gain an understanding of data and Internet security issues, technologies and administrative practices, our Network Data Security degree program leads to a wealth of career opportunities in network and e-commerce security. In this lab-based, hands-on program, you will utilize the latest security software and hardware. The program is taught at the practical applications level for those who will design, install, manage and troubleshoot security measures in data networks.

The Program

This is a limited access degree program. Students enrolling in this course should have a basic knowledge of network systems as gathered from work experience, college work, or self-learning, and an interest in exploring an exploding and dynamic field. CET 2759, CCNA Certification or consent of instructor is required to enroll.

Prerequisites

CET 2759, CCNA Certification or consent of instructor.

Career Opportunities, Rapid Placement

FCCJ is the regional resource for employers in every type of technology. Our partnerships with Cisco Systems, Dell, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and Sun Microsystems provide career connections. An FCCJ intranet site posts jobs targeting our students. Graduates are regularly employed by CSX, JEA, Blue Cross Blue Shield, the City of Jacksonville, Medtronic, Mayo Clinic and other regional employers including the government and military.

Annual Salaries

Around $62,000.

Cost

Estimated cost of tuition is $4,183 (tuition rated for Florida residents, as of 7/07). Contact the program manager about additional costs (textbooks, fees and materials).

Need More Information? Contact:

Lance Wallace, Advanced Technology Center, 904.598.5676

Curriculum

Course Number and Title		Credits
General Education
	*Mathematics	3
	*Social and Behavioral Sciences	3
ENC 1101	English Composition I	3
	*Communications Category B	3
	*Humanities	3
	Credit Hours	15

Required Professional Courses
CET 2626	Building Scalable Networks	3
CET 1520	Unix Fundamentals	3
CET 2752	Network Administration	3
CET 2687	Security+	3
CET 2481	Designing and Building Wireless Networks	3
CET 2660	Managing Network Security	3
CET 2665	Advanced Firewall Administration	3
CET 2662	Techniques of Computer Hacking and Incident Handling	3
CET 2521	Unix Administration I	3
CET 2681	Intrusion Detection Systems and Auditing	3
CET 2627	Building Multilayer Switched Networks	3
CET 2796	Securing Windows	3
CET 1943	Internship	3
	Credit Hours	39

Professional Electives (minimum 9 credit hours)
OST 1581	Professional Development	3
CET 2628	Building Remote Access Networks	3
CET 2629	Internet Troubleshooting Support	3
LIS 1002	Information Literacy	1
CET 1630	Fiber, Voice and Data Cabling	3
CET 2636	Home Integration	3
CET 2880	Data Forensics	3
CET 2623	Deploying Quality of Service	3
CET 2522	Unix Administration II	3
CET 2682	Voice over IP (VoIP)	3
CET 2675	IP Telephony	3
CET 1175	Technical Support	3
	Credit Hours	9
	Total Credit Hours	63

*Refer to A.S./A.A.S. degree General Education Requirements.

Note

You have two options in this program: the associate in science (A.S.) degree, which can prepare you for employment or transfer to a state university, and the associate in applied science (A.A.S.) degree, which is intended primarily for students who want immediate employment after graduation. If you choose the A.S. degree you must take MAC 1105, MGF 1106 or a higher level mathematics. The A.A.S. degree requires MAT 1033 or higher. Please see an advisor to determine the option that is best for you.

The Associate in Science and Associate in Applied Science Degree

Preparation for a Career

Career and technical education programs are designed to prepare students who, at the completion of a program of study listed in this section of the catalog, are planning to enter a chosen career at the semi–professional level. The associate in science (A.S.) degree program may also articulate into the bachelor’s degree in a related field of study at a state public university, based on specific program articulation agreements.

Associate in applied science (A.A.S.) degrees are available in some programs, and provide the same career preparation as associate in science degrees. Associate in applied science programs are not designed to transfer to a four–year institution, but may articulate under special agreements between the College and the university system. For individuals wishing to spend less than two years in career preparation, technical certificate programs are also available in several areas.

The program manager or program chairperson with the approval of the dean of instruction may prescribe deficiency courses, which are necessary for successful completion of the associate in science degree. If students are veterans, a copy of the recommendation must be submitted to the Florida Community College Veterans Affairs Office for certification completion.

The program manager or program chairperson with the approval of the dean of instruction may approve another elective or professional course not listed as an approved elective in the associate in science or associate in applied science degree curriculum, which will apply toward associate in science or associate in applied science degree completion. If students are veterans, it is necessary that such course substitution be submitted to the Veterans Affairs Office for certification completion. A record of the approval will be maintained in their file.

Program Location

Not all of the career and technical education A.S. or A.A.S. degree programs are available at each of the College’s four campuses. However, the General Education Requirements and many of the elective, professional and other required courses are available at all campuses as well as at selected off–campus centers and sites.

Graduation Requirements

In order to be awarded the associate in science or associate in applied science degree, students must have met the following requirements:

1. Earned a cumulative grade point average of 2.0 (C) at Florida Community College in courses eligible toward the associate in science or applied science degree programs (A.S. Florida Community College GPA or A.A.S. Florida Community College GPA).
2. Earned an all–college cumulative grade point average of 2.0 (C) on all courses attempted, including transferred credits. (All college cumulative).
3. Completed at least 25 percent of credit semester hours required for the degree at Florida Community College.
4. Completed a minimum of 60 semester hours, as specified by the degree, of which a minimum of 15 semester hours must be General Education requirements.
5. Earned a grade of at least a “C” in each course used to satisfy the General Education Requirements.
6. Can demonstrate mastery of the Information Literacy Assessment (effective for students entering fall term 2005). Refer to assessment section for details.

Note: Students are cautioned to pay particular attention to the following statements.

1. Graduation dates will be the date at the end of the college term in which the students complete the academic requirements for the degree or certificate for which students are applicants. (The removal of an incomplete grade does not affect students’ graduation dates, since the grade change is effective as of the end of the term in which the incomplete grade was assigned rather than the term in which the incomplete work was made up.)
2. If students expect to complete the coursework under the terms of the catalog in effect during the term of their first registration, they must graduate within five years or they will need to be reassigned to an active catalog. Accordingly, students who enter under this catalog (2007/2008) must graduate by the end of the Summer Term 2012, or they will automatically be reassigned to the 2011/2012 catalog requirements. Changes to requirements as mandated by law or by rule of the Florida Community College District Board of Trustees may supersede this provision.
3. The General Education Requirements may be taken on any Florida Community College campus or center.
4. Many courses in this catalog have prerequisite and/or corequisite courses which are listed in the course descriptions. Students are advised to be guided by these requirements.
5. Students who place into college preparatory courses are required to complete designated college preparatory courses with a grade of “C” or better regardless of program of study.
6. Students enrolling in associate in applied science programs must pass all sections of the placement test before award of an A.A.S. degree, regardless of the degree program’s general education requirements.
7. Degree–seeking students whose native language is not English, who fall below a designated cutoff score on the English as a second language (ESL) entry placement test, will be required to take ESL courses with EAP prefix prior to registering for other college credit classes. The level of these courses will be determined by the entry placement scores. Individual exceptions will be determined by the ESL program manager.
8. Degree–seeking students identified as non–native speakers must take an English as a second language (ESL) placement test prior to taking the College’s standard course placement test. Students who place into ESL, as determined by the test, must complete ESL courses before registering for other college credit classes. Non–degree seeking college credit students who plan to take English or reading courses must also meet these requirements. Exceptions to these requirements can be made by the ESL program manager or designee.

General Education Requirements

1.	The general education core for the associate in science and associate in applied science degrees consists of a minimum of 15 semester hours of course work in these broad discipline areas: Communication Mathematics Humanities Social and Behavioral Sciences Natural Sciences
2.	The general education requirements for all associate in science and associate in applied science degree programs consist of a minimum of 3 semester hours in each of the following discipline areas: Communication Category A Humanities Mathematics Social and Behavioral Sciences
3.	The remaining 3 semester hours of general education requirements are specified in each associate in science and associate in applied science degree’s program of study from the following discipline areas: Communication Category B Humanities Mathematics Social and Behavioral Sciences Natural Sciences

I. Communication (minimum of 3 semester hours from Category A)

Category A:
ENC 1101	English Composition I (3 cr.)
Category B:
ENC 1102	Writing About Non-Fiction (3 cr.)
LIT 2000	Introduction to Literature: Writing About Fiction (3 cr.)
SPC 2016	Speech Communication for Business and the Professions (3 cr.)
SPC 2040	Introduction to Speech Communication (3 cr.)
SPC 2600	Fundamentals of Public Speaking (3 cr.)

II. Humanities (minimum of 3 semester hours)

HUM 2020	Humanities Forum (3 cr.)
HUM 2210	Humanities: The Foundations (3 cr.)
HUM 2230	Humanities: Mainstreams of Cultures, 15th to 20th Century (3 cr.)
HUM 2250	Humanities: Modern/Post–Modern Perspectives (3 cr.)
HUM 2410	Humanities of Asia (3 cr.)
HUM 2450	Humanities in the Americas (3 cr.)
AML 2010	American Literature: Colonial Times to 1900 (3 cr.)
AML 2020	American Literature: 1900 to Present (3 cr.)
ARH 1000	Art Appreciation (3 cr.)
ARH 2050	Art History I (3 cr.)
ARH 2051	Art History II (3 cr.)
ENL 2012	English Literature to 1750 (3 cr.)
ENL 2022	English Literature Since 1750 (3 cr.)
ENG 1100	Introduction to Film (3 cr.)
HUM 2472	Intercultural Explorations (3 cr.)
LIT 2100	Great Ideas in World Literature (3 cr.)
MUL 1010	Music Appreciation (3 cr.)
PHI 1603	Applied Ethics (3 cr.)
PHI 2010	Introduction to Philosophy (3 cr.)
REL 2000	Introduction to Religion (3 cr.)
REL 2300	World Religions (3 cr.)
THE 2000	Theatre Appreciation (3 cr.)
PHI 2600	Moral and Political Philosophy (3 cr.)

III. Mathematics (minimum of 3 semester hours)

*MAT 1033	Intermediate Algebra (3 cr.)
MAC 1105	College Algebra (3 cr.)
MAC 1140	Precalculus Algebra (4 cr.)
MAC 1114	College Trigonometry (3 cr.)
MAC 1147	Precalculus Algebra and Trigonometry (5 cr.)
MGF 1106	Topics in College Mathematics (3 cr.)
MGF 1107	Explorations in Mathematics (3 cr.)
STA 2023	Elementary Statistics (3 cr.)

*May not be used to fulfill the general education requirements for the associate in science degree.

IV. Natural Sciences (individual programs may require a 3 semester hour course in order to fulfill 15 minimum credit hour general education requirement).

Biological Sciences:

BSC 1005	Life in Its Biological Environment (3 cr.)
BSC 2085C	Human Anatomy and Physiology I (4 cr.)
BSC 2086C	Human Anatomy and Physiology II (4 cr.)
BSC 2010C	Principles of Biology I (4 cr.)
BSC 2020C	Human Biology (4 cr.)
MCB 2010C	Microbiology (4 cr.)

Physical Sciences:

CHM 1020	Chemistry for Liberal Arts (3 cr.)
CHM 1025C	Introduction to General Chemistry (4 cr.)
CHM 1032C	Principles of General Chemistry (4 cr.)
CHM 2045C	General Chemistry and Qualitative Analysis I (4 cr.)
CHM 2046C	General Chemistry and Qualitative Analysis II (4 cr.)
PHY 1020C	Physics for the Liberal Arts with Laboratory (3 cr.)
PHY 2053C	General Physics I (4 cr.)

IV. Social and Behavioral Sciences (minimum of 3 semester hours)

DEP 2004	Human Growth and Development (3 cr.)
ECO 2013	Principles of Economics I (3 cr.)
GEA 1000	World Regional Geography (3 cr.)
PSY 1012	General Psychology (3 cr.)
INP 1390	Human Relations in Business and Industry (3 cr.)
SYG 2000	Introductory Sociology (3 cr.)

Selective Access Programs

Dental hygiene, emergency medical services (EMS) technology, emergency medical technology (EMT), health information management, histotechnology, human services (addictions specialization), medical coder/biller, medical laboratory technology, nursing, paramedic, physical therapist assistant, radiation therapy and respiratory therapy programs are selective access programs and have special selection and admission criteria and procedures which may be obtained from the program office as listed in this catalog.

University Transfer

Students who intend to transfer to a state university upper division upon receipt of the associate in applied science degree must satisfy certain additional requirements before being accepted for transfer. These requirements do not affect the award of the associate in applied science (A.A.S.) degree by Florida Community College but do affect the ability of the senior institution to accept students with the A.A.S. degree.

Students with A.S. or A.A.S. degrees who plan to transfer to a state university should contact a counselor to determine any additional requirements necessary for transferring.

Co–operative Learning and/or Internship Opportunities Programs

All associate in science, associate in applied science and some certificate programs at Florida Community College require a co–op/internship experience as part of the program of study.

Preparing students for the workplace is the goal of the associate in science and the associate in applied science degree programs at Florida Community College. Not only must students complete degree and certificate programs having mastered occupational skills, but they must also have the interpersonal skills that allow them to contribute and be productive and successful in the workplace. The Co–op and Internship Opportunities Programs allow the student a chance to practice their occupational skills while earning credit towards their degree or certificate.

The internship, which provides the student with real experience in their chosen field of specialization, is an important component in all technical degree programs. Upon completion of these programs, the College is certifying that the student can perform certain job–related skills.

Such certification is not possible unless the student has performed in some type of work environment.

Objectives of the Co–op/Internship Program:

• to gain practical work experience
• to gain insight into the daily functioning of the workplace
• to gain knowledge and understanding of interpersonal dynamics
• to apply the skills and knowledge learned in the classroom
• to exercise ethical responsibilities expected of company personnel
• to personally evaluate these experiences
• to expose the student to the processes involved in acquiring a position

The College does not guarantee employment. Selection of a particular student to fill a job is at the sole discretion of the employer and not within the control of the College. This means the College or any of its representatives cannot guarantee a paid or unpaid co–op/internship placement.

I have recently setup a Linux server to begin serving a small (12 users) legal firm that had Windows Small Business Server 2003 running. The issue was that they were not doing anything special, just FILE SERVING, and so a Linux/SAMBA solution would get them away from needing anything in the way of a proprietary server... So I took a good look at the config details, crossed my fingers and went for it - and was very pleasantly surprised ! It was a simple task, and I have since found the software to be very stable, very fast, and easy to maintain. Helpful links ? Well, it is mainly three different pieces of software:

1. 1. www.ubuntulinux.com - this is the Linux distribution from http://www.canonical.com/ who do a great job of packaging the thousands of different projects together into an easily imnstalled and managed whole...
2. www.samba.org - this is the package that originated at my school in Canberra, Australia (yes - that's the capital of Australia for those who didn't recognise the name !) Samba provides all of the windows specific protocol support to allow the Linux server to play nice with the windows workstations etc.
3. www.webmin.org - this is the management tool that lets you install, maintain and monitor most major software projects in the Linux environment - web browser based, very easy and flexible. Great product.

So overall, it has been very cool to do this, and the preformance of the new server is more than I had hoped for. Go ahead and leave a comment below if you have anything to add !

FROM: http://themorningflight.com/index.php/2008/03/24/auto-start-vnc-on-server/

Mar 24th, 2008 by graham

I wanted to know how to get VNC to auto-start on my server without me having to manually do it on the server with a monitor connected. I went to the Ubuntu forums but found no answer there. After experimenting I discovered it was not complicated after all. It seems I had assumed VNC did not auto-start on the server. It does! But some things needed to be set correctly first.

All the following directions are for Ubuntu (Gnome).

A friend helped me get started. He advised me not to install the server version of Ubuntu as I was going to want to see a Gnome interface like the one I have been using on my main desktop. So I installed the normal Ubuntu desktop, in my case ‘Gutsy’ (7.10).

Step 1. Ensure vnc-common and vncserver are installed on the server by using System> Administration> Synaptic.

Step 2. Go to System> Preferences> Remote Desktop> tick ‘allow others to view your desktop’ and where it says ‘When a user tries to view or control your desktop’ DO NOT TICK THAT BIT as no one will not be there to approve your login. Instead tick ‘require the user to enter this password’ and enter a password you want to use when you login, then click close.

Step 3. Start the server with a monitor connected to allow Ubuntu to set the correct screen resolution. Then go to System> Preferences> Screen Resolution> Tick the box that says ‘make default for this computer’. Don’t forget to then click ‘apply’.

Step 4. Go to System>Administration>Login Window>Security Tab>tick Enable Automatic Login and then select the user (you, not root).

Now try it out. Reboot the machine with a monitor connected. From another computer access the server with VNC. You should now see your Gnome desktop. Well done! BEFORE YOU LOG OUT click the power icon and choose ‘lock screen’. That is it, leave it.

ALWAYS leave the server with the screen locked. An open desktop is a security risk, even though Ubuntu is very secure.

I don’t know if any of this will change much with the new release of Ubuntu but the VNC viewer is changing in Ubuntu 8.04 to Vinagre so viewing will be different.

Ubuntu 8.04 ‘Hardy Heron’ is out now. Windows upgrades every 5 years or so, Ubuntu upgrades every 6 months!

Have fun!

[Quote] 8 Flags FCU Dear Don, We just wanted to let you know that we truly appreciate you helping us out of our dire need for computer expertice. Again we thank you for all you did to get us up and running. [/Quote]